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HOLE DESIGN FOR CRACKAMITE
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Effective Hole Design for Crackamite®

Crackamite's effectiveness depends on the placement, diameter and depth of the holes drilled in the material. The drilling must be done in relation to the job to be performed. The design for breaking should be done according to the properties of rocks, joint, volume to be removed, secondary breaking, and work period, etc.

The hole design refers to the hole diameter and hole spacing/distance. For hole diameter between 30 to 50 mm, the hole spacing (distance between holes) should be in accordance with the following formula:

A = K x D

where, A - hole spacing (in mm), D - hole diameter (in mm) and K - cracking coefficient.

K value of rocks and concrete

Material to be cracked K value Steel contained (Kg/m3)
Soft virgin rocks 10 - 16 n/a
Medium hardness virgin rocks 8 - 12 n/a
Hard virgin rocks 5 - 10 n/a
Plain concrete 10 - 16 0 - 30
Reinforced concrete 8 - 10 30 - 60
6 - 8 60 - 100

K Value changes with the geometry and shape of rock or concrete

Lesser the free surface, smaller the K value Greater the free surface, larger the K value

Cracking design reference chart

Material to be cracked Hole design parameters Crackamite Consumption
(Kg/m3)
Diameter D (mm) Hole Spacing A (cm) Row Spacing R (cm) Hole Depth H (%)
Soft stone 35 - 40 40 - 100 (0.6 - 0.9) A 100% 5 - 10
Medium hard rock 38 - 42 30 - 40 (0.6 - 0.9) A 105% 12 - 22
Hard granite 38 - 42 25 - 40 30 - 80 105% 18 - 25
Rock cutting 30 - 40 20 - 40 (0.6 - 0.9) A 75% 12 - 18
Plain concrete 38 - 42 20 - 30 (0.6 - 0.9) A 80% - 85% 12 - 18
Reinforced concrete 38 - 50 15 - 30 (0.6 - 0.9) A 90% - 95% 18 - 25

Note: Before experimenting with a test break, reference should be made to 'Hole Design for Rock' or 'Hole Design for Concrete' links (on the left) to assist in your special needs for successfully planning a break design.

Estimating Quantity Required

Once the hole design is fixed, it is simple to figure out how much Crackamite you need. The formula is:

C = Kg/m3 x Number of Holes x Depth of Holes

General coverage: Normally one 44 lb (20 kilograms) box of Crackamite can fill up to 35 linear feet (about 10 meters) of 1½ inches (3.8 centimeters) diameter holes. (Might not have to fill up every hole depending on application.) As a thumb rule: Each 5 kilo bag will fill 8 linear feet of 1½" hole, 10 linear feet of 13/8" hole, or 11 feet of 1¼" hole.

Table 2 - Kg/m3 values for different hole sizes and depth of 1 meter
Hole Diameter 30 mm 32 mm 34 mm 36 mm 38 mm 40 mm 42 mm 44 mm 46 mm 48 mm 50 mm
Crackamite (Kg/m3) 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.2
Hole Depth One Meter
Note: You may get 3% to 6% less yield due to field conditions.

 

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